Questions 11-17

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

Visiting the City Zoo

11. What does the speaker say about the zoo’s visiting hours?

A. Some parts of the zoo stay open later than others. B. The zoo closes at the same time every day. C. The zoo remains open during national holidays.

12. What can visitors see at the Migratory Bird House?

A. nests of live birds B. a display of a South American habitat C. an interactive exhibit about birds

13. What is different about the Asia Trail this year?

A. New species have been added. B. It is possible to see the pandas. C. A bamboo habitat has been created.

14. What does the speaker say about the zoo’s baby lions?

A. They may never learn to swim. B. They must be able to swim to play outside. C. They dislike playing in the water at the zoo.

15. In the Primate Zone, visitors may

A. test their strength against an orangutan. B. try to communicate with a monkey. C. handle tools that apes have made.

16. Which animal may children touch in the Kids’ Farm?

A. cows B. sheep C. goats

17. Children who celebrate their birthday at the zoo can

A. see a film about safaris. B. feed zoo animals. C. learn from a scientist.

Questions 18 and 19

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO of the following are true about becoming a zoo member?

A. Only credit cards are accepted in person. B. Membership is effective immediately. C. Memberships can be purchased with personal cheques. D. It is no longer possible to join by phone. E. It takes several days to receive a membership card.

Questions 20 and 21

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO of the following are benefits of being a zoo member?

A. Parents can do joint activities with their children. B. Children can ride the zoo’s train for free. C. There is a special facility for children. D. Members can get discounts at the gift shop. E. Members can get free entry at other zoos.

Questions 22 and 23

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO facts are given about family membership policies?

A. Members may invite only one adult to come with them. B. Members need to go online to renew their membership. C. Members may come with an unlimited number of children. D. Members must live within the city. E. Members must pay extra for the magazine.

Questions 24-36

Complete the notes below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

History of US Recording Technology

Before music was recorded

• Music was always heard live.
• Popular music began with instruments made of 24 that were used outdoors.
• People liked to sing while watching 25 events.

Tin Pan Alley

• This was an area in New York.
• The 26 of publishers Witmark and Mills were located there.
• Sheet music was produced which families played at home on their 27.

First recorded music

• 1877: Thomas Edison created a device to record music using a horn to capture sound and a 28 to make marks on a tin cylinder.
• Later, he used cylinders made of 29 which could be copied.
• With an added electric 30, the speed of playback was always the same.

The phonograph

• 1887: Emile Berliner recorded music on a flat disc, turning at 78 rpm.
• The first discs sold were usually of opera music.
• Acoustic microphones best recorded a singer from a 31.
• Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony was collected on eight discs. This type of collection was called an " 32".

1920s: the electric microphone

• An intimate recording style allowed singers of pop music to gain prominence.
• The new microphone recorded a greater 33 of instruments, making it possible to reproduce classical music.

Developments through the 1960s

• Progress made with recording in the 34 did not affect consumers much.
• People were more likely to listen to music at 35.
• Cassettes were invented and became popular because they were 36.

Questions 37-49

Complete the notes below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

Archaeobotany and Art

What is archaeobotany?

• Archaeobotany generally involves studying the 37 of historical plant species.
• However, archaeobotanist Dalla Ragione studies art for information about Italy’s past biodiversity.

Changes to agriculture in Italy in the 1950s

• 38 attracted farmers looking for industrial work.
• Crops that grew slowly, were unproductive or could not be gathered by 39 were no longer cultivated.

Dalla Ragione’s early life

• She helped her father find plants and unused 40 on their farm.
• She later studied the cultural history and genetics of fruit.

Bufalini Palace

• Dalla Ragione noticed frescoes on the walls of the 41 in the palace.
• The artist had painted 42 varieties of fruits and vegetables.
• She sourced many of these vegetables, including a rare white 43.

Further research

• Madonna and Child with the Pear -- the 44 of the fruit showed it was actually an apple.
• Another painting showed a fruit referred to as an apple, but Dalla Ragione looked in 45 and decided it was a pear.
• She located this variety of pear in a 46 in Tuscany.

Preserving rare plants

• The Dalla Ragione Foundation preserves fruit trees by allowing people to 47 them.
• Dalla Ragione continues to search for lost varieties.
• This can be difficult as their 48 may have changed.
• She believes plants are part of our cultural identity -- e.g. emigrating Italians took 49 to the Americas.