===TITLE=== Chuyên đề Câu Bị Động – Closest Meaning :: Set 1 ===TIMER=== 15 ===PART=== 1. PASSIVE VOICE :: 8 :: 15 ===SECTION=== Multiple Choice ===MCQ=== 1. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the original one. They oughtn’t to give children sweets. A. Children oughtn’t to give them sweets. *B. Children oughtn’t to be given sweets. C. Sweets oughtn’t to be giving to children. D. Sweets oughtn’t give to children. Giải thích: Câu gốc là câu chủ động với động từ khuyết thiếu “oughtn’t to”. Khi đổi sang bị động, ta dùng: **oughtn’t to + be + V3**. – B đúng: “Children oughtn’t to be given sweets.” – A sai nghĩa: trẻ em lại trở thành người cho kẹo. – C sai ngữ pháp: “be giving” không đúng trong bị động này. – D sai vì thiếu “to be”. ===MCQ=== 2. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the original one. Someone used to send me anonymous letters. A. I was used to be sent anonymous letters. B. Anonymous letters used to be sent for me. *C. I used to be sent anonymous letters. D. Anonymous letters used to send to me. Giải thích: Cấu trúc đúng khi đổi sang bị động là **used to + be + V3**. – C đúng. – A sai vì “was used to be sent” là cấu trúc sai. – B sai giới từ: phải là “to me”, không phải “for me”. – D sai vì thiếu “be”. ===MCQ=== 3. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the original one. People think that reading can improve imagination and creativity. A. Reading is thought that can improve imagination and creativity. B. Reading is thought improving imagination and creativity. *C. It is thought that reading can improve imagination and creativity. D. It is thought that reading to improve imagination and creativity. Giải thích: Với mẫu “People think that…”, dạng bị động tự nhiên nhất là **It is thought that…** – C đúng. – A sai cấu trúc sau “is thought”. – B sai vì thiếu “to” hoặc mệnh đề đầy đủ. – D sai ngữ pháp ở cụm “reading to improve”. ===MCQ=== 4. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the original one. She has just found her dog in the garden. A. Her dog has just found by her in the garden. *B. Her dog has just been found by her in the garden. C. Her dog has just found in the garden by her. D. Her dog have just been found by her in the garden. Giải thích: Hiện tại hoàn thành bị động có cấu trúc **has/have + just + been + V3**. – B đúng. – A sai vì thiếu “been”. – C sai vì dùng “found” như động từ chính không có “been”. – D sai hòa hợp chủ ngữ: “Her dog” đi với “has”, không phải “have”. ===MCQ=== 5. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the original one. His friends gave him this football. A. This football is given to him by his friends. B. This football has been given to him by his friends. *C. This football was given to him by his friends. D. This football will be given to him by his friends. Giải thích: Câu gốc ở quá khứ đơn “gave”, nên bị động cũng phải ở **quá khứ đơn bị động**: **was given**. – C đúng. – A là hiện tại đơn bị động. – B là hiện tại hoàn thành bị động. – D là tương lai bị động. ===MCQ=== 6. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the original one. They got the company to sponsor their event. A. The company was got to sponsor their event by them. B. Their event was got sponsored by the company by them. C. The company was got by them to sponsor their event. *D. They got their event sponsored by the company. Giải thích: “Get someone to do something” có thể diễn đạt gần nghĩa bằng “get something done”. – D đúng: “They got their event sponsored by the company.” – A và C sai vì dùng “was got”, không tự nhiên và sai cấu trúc. – B sai cấu trúc và diễn đạt rối. ===MCQ=== 7. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the original one. The company is launching a new product next month. A. A new product was launched by the company next month. B. A new product is launching by the company next month. *C. A new product is being launched by the company next month. D. A new product had been launched by the company next month. Giải thích: Câu gốc dùng hiện tại tiếp diễn để diễn tả kế hoạch tương lai đã sắp xếp. Dạng bị động tương ứng là **is being launched**. – C đúng. – A sai vì quá khứ đi với “next month”. – B sai vì thiếu “being” trong bị động tiếp diễn. – D sai vì quá khứ hoàn thành không phù hợp. ===MCQ=== 8. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to the original one. The house needs renovating because it has been neglected for years. A. Renovating is needed for the house because it has been neglected for years. *B. Because of years of neglect, the house needs renovating. C. The house needs to renovate because of years of neglect. D. The house needs to have been renovated due to years of neglect. Giải thích: Câu B giữ nguyên nghĩa đầy đủ và tự nhiên nhất. – B đúng. – A không tự nhiên vì “Renovating is needed for the house” diễn đạt gượng. – C sai vì “the house” không thể tự “renovate”. – D sai thì và sai nghĩa: “needs to have been renovated” không phù hợp ở đây.